Everything is poisonous at some dose. These are evolved neurotoxins for fighting insects but in the doses humans use them they are just stimulants and probably neuroprotective. They do have downsides like causing cardiovascular stress and creating chemical dependencies though, but people often don’t die directly from caffeine or nicotine consumption.
Everything is poisonous at some dose. These are evolved neurotoxins for fighting insects but in the doses humans use them they are just stimulants and probably neuroprotective. They do have downsides like causing cardiovascular stress and creating chemical dependencies though, but people often don’t die directly from caffeine or nicotine consumption.